The Irish immigrants have been an important part of London throughout the centuries. Their presence can be found from the 17th century and onwards. Initially occupied as seasonal workers in agrarian fields the Irish later found alternative ways of supporting themselves as the Industrial Revolution transformed the whole of England. Despite their vital importance to the construction of what was to be known as "the modern Babylon" the Irish have been victims of both social prejudice and maltreatment. Some historians have imposed a comparison between the Irish in England and the African slaves in the United States.

AbstractIn 1998 the United Nations held a diplomatic conference on the establishment of an International Criminal Court in Rome. In the end of the conference the negotiating states adopted the Rome Statute by which an international criminal court was established. The court, which entered into force on 1 July 2002, has jurisdiction over the crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes. The court also has jurisdiction over the crimes of aggression but the court will only be able to exercise its jurisdiction of this crime category when the member states of the court have found a definition of the crime.In the draft statute, which was prepared before the conference, acts of terrorism were a proposed crime. With the starting-point in the Rome conference this essay studies how the working-definition of crimes of terrorism was elaborated in the draft statute and how the state delegations viewed the crime.

AbstractIn Sweden all persons under the age of 18 are considered children. The age when it is possible to be held responsible for a criminal act, and therefor convicted in court, is 15. Society?s and, perhaps first and foremost, the authority?s attitude towards juvenile crime is that they should not be equal adults in the process within criminal law. Because children are considered essential for the society of tomorrow, it is important to pay extra attention to crimes committed by juveniles.

Rapporten är en reflekterande rapport över mitt och Petri Tuoris gemensamma verkLondon Crysis som vi gjorde som examensarbete på Högskolan i Skövde. Verket är gjorti spelet Crysis och är en fiktion av London på 1800-talet inspirerat av filmer som FromHell och Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street. Rapporten börjar med eninledning som förklarar var idén till verket kom ifrån, problemställning, syfte ochavgränsning. Rapporten fortsätter sedan med en beskrivning av verket, en mer detaljeradbeskrivning av idén, leveldesign, stämningen, exempelmodeller, hemsidan och trailern.Rapporten tar också upp enkätundersökningen som försökte ge ett svar på hur andrauppfattar stämningen i spelet och tankar kring det. Sista delen av rapporten är enslutdiskussion kring resultatet av enkätundersökningen och verket..

Uppsatsen behandlar gardinernas utveckling och relation till dräktmode och kvinnans kropp mellan 1600 och 2000. I uppsatsens första del undersöks representationer av gardiner i flamländskt 1600 tals måleri. Därefter behandlas 1700 och 1800 talens dekorerade gardiner, dess antika referenser och relation till dräktmode. Sängförhängets erotiska representationer i konsten och förhållande till den nakna kvinnokroppen undersöks i uppsatsens tredje del. Slutligen behandlas modernismens bortvalda gardiner, postmodernismens stilblandningar och samband med mode och kvinnans kropp idag.Bildanalyserna fokuserar på gardiner och sängförhängen, hur de representeras i måleri, illustrationer och fotografier samt hur de förhåller sig till bland annat dräktmode, kvinnans kropp antik skulptur, symbolik och allegoriska budskap. Gardiner har många betydelser bortom alla praktiska funktioner.

This essay focuses on crime history and gender. It is a study of female crimes in the beginning of the 19th century in a small parish (Askeryd Socken) in Småland in the south part of Sweden. The method I have used is to study the records of Municipal Court regarding the citizens of the parish of Askeryd. I have then tried to find out whether the female offenders have been treated different than the male offenders, if there is a certain kind of gender-related crimes and in those cases where comparison is possible, I have examined if the females are treated in a lighter way. (?female discount?), or if they were treated as mentally unstable.The essay shows that in this particular parish during the years 1825 to 1830, female offenders were not treated in a lighter manner.

The aim of the study was to investigate the crimes and punishments that were commonly occurring between the years 1601-1651, and how the distribution was between men and women represented in the court in district Sjuhundra and Njurunda district. To answer these questions, a quantitative examination of court records conducted in which the crimes and punishments have been categorized. The results that have emerged have been the basis for the conclusions issued in the essay. The results showed that the most common target types were various civil and propertycase and the most common punishments were sentenced to fines and settlements. It was predominantly men who were in the court, the proportion of women was between 13-22%.

The economic growth in Ireland, during the 1990s, lead to changing migration patterns. Ireland became a destination country for immigrants instead of an emigration country. Before 2004 people who were born on the island of Ireland had a constitutional right to Irish citizenship. This right was removed after a referendum in 2004.National identity is a sense of community constructed through common history and defines who belongs to the nation. The purpose of this thesis is to do a critical discourse analysis of the debate in media before the referendum.The analysis was done on texts from The Irish Times, one of the major newspapers in Ireland.

AbstractToday?s society is multicultural which can lead to racism and prejudices. Racism is created by prejudices and values. These values and prejudices are passed on to the children through media parents and/or society. The children then make these values to their own.

In 1972 the regulations on tax surcharge were introduced. In the new system the sur-charge are imposed by the Tax Authority (skatteverket) and not the Court. Since 1995 the European Convention on Human Rights constitute law in Sweden, which means that Sweden is forced to guarantee its citizens the human rights in the Convention. Article 6 in the Convention states that everyone, in the determination of his civil rights and obligations or of any criminal charge against him, is entitled to a fair hea-ring within reasonable time. The Article also expresses the right for anyone charged with a criminal offence to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law (the presumtion of innocence).

The main purpose of this essay was to study how the child's own view appeared in the office of family law investigations and in the following municipal court verdicts and if it had influenced the judgement and the verdict. We wanted to see if the child's age was important for the possibility to make oneself heard and if there had been changes overtime related to the consideration to the child's own view in investigations- and court context.To obtain answers to the questions, we decided to execute a qualitative case study, which exclusively was based on document analyses. We selected to examine a middle-sized municipal in the southern part of Sweden. We concerned only for children in the age of 8-12 years, who was affected by a court verdict either 1999 or 2003.Our study showed, among other things, that the majority of all children were interviewed. It also showed that the age of the children didn't affect the consideration the court took to the child's opinion.

The aim of this study was to examine how individuals who have left a criminal lifestyle may experience their present life. A symbolic interaction approach was the theoretical framework for this research. Qualitative interviews were conducted with seven individuals who have stated having had and left a criminal lifestyle. The results showed that how individuals experience their present life is highly dependent on individuals? own view of themselves as well as on how others view them.

This thesis studies settlement continuity on Gotland between approximately AD 200 and AD 1700. The method used is to calculate correlation between the geographical distribution of all known Iron Age stone-wall-houses (on Gotland known as "kämpagravar") and all farms included in the detailed taxation maps from approximately 1700. The number of remaining house foundations is between 1800 and 1900. A model to estimate the number of removed foundations is presented. It is based on the assumption that the settlement density was proportional to land use around 1700, and that the rate of removal is related to the current land use.

Uppsatsen behandlar göteborgsk bibliotekshistoria 1647- 1965. Som exempel har valtsHvitfeldtska och Burgården. Sambandet mellan pedagogisk utveckling och skolbibliotekenbeaktas. Inom bibliotekens verksamhet har studerats fakta gällande bokbestånd,utlåning, ekonomi, inköp, donationer, bibliotekariernas ställning m m.Hvitfeldtska inrättades 1647 och medverkade till försvenskningen av nya landområden.Skolans betydande bokraritetssamling stammar från samma tid. Under 1700-taletblir biblioteket även offentligt (det första i Göteborg).

Uppsatsen behandlar göteborgsk bibliotekshistoria 1647- 1965. Som exempel har valtsHvitfeldtska och Burgården. Sambandet mellan pedagogisk utveckling och skolbibliotekenbeaktas. Inom bibliotekens verksamhet har studerats fakta gällande bokbestånd,utlåning, ekonomi, inköp, donationer, bibliotekariernas ställning m m.Hvitfeldtska inrättades 1647 och medverkade till försvenskningen av nya landområden.Skolans betydande bokraritetssamling stammar från samma tid. Under 1700-taletblir biblioteket även offentligt (det första i Göteborg).